The role of Indigenous People in conserving world heritage sites

Project update

27 Aug

Written By Veronica Njeri, Communications Officer

Indigenous communities play a crucial role in safeguarding our planet's most treasured landscapes.

At the heart of our conservation efforts in Uganda and Kenya are the Aberdares, Mt. Kenya, and the Mau Region—areas recognized as UNESCO World Heritage sites, rich in biodiversity and cultural heritage.

The guardians of Mount Kenya

In the Aberdares and Mt. Kenya regions, the Njuri Ncheke—a revered council of elders—stands as the foremost guardian of the forest. These respected decision-makers ensure the preservation of sacred sites by prohibiting the cutting of trees in these areas.

Their leadership extends beyond cultural preservation; they’ve established tree nurseries to support reforestation, setting an inspiring example for local community groups.

Their commitment to conservation is a testament to the enduring connection between cultural heritage and environmental stewardship.

The Ogiek of Mt. Elgon and West Pokot

Further west, the Ogiek community live in the Mt. Elgon and West Pokot regions. Known for their deep-rooted knowledge of forest ecosystems, the Ogiek have long relied on the forest for their livelihood.

Our programmes in these areas are designed to support the Ogiek’s sustainable practices, recognising their invaluable role in maintaining the ecological balance of these UNESCO sites.

The Batwa of Bwindi

In Bwindi Forest, Uganda, the Batwa Indigenous People, once known as the "guardians of the forest," have begun to reclaim their role as stewards of the land.

Through our “Plant Indigenous Trees, Conserve Bwindi” project, launched in April 2024, we’ve partnered with CRU Africa to empower the Batwa with sustainable forest management skills. A significant milestone has been the creation of the Kobutsina community pocket forest, where the Batwa are planting culturally significant indigenous species.

This initiative not only restores the forest but also revitalizes the Batwa’s cultural connection to the land.

The Batwa share the knowledge that makes them incredible forest stewards

Ecological stewardship

The Kobutsina pocket forest serves multiple purposes: it is a research site for traditional medicinal plants, a source of subsistence for the community, and a space for cultural rituals and practices. Kobutsina symbolizes the Batwa’s resilience and their journey from displacement to ecological stewardship.

Since the project’s inception, over 10,000 indigenous trees have been planted in and around Bwindi Forest. These trees include species that are culturally significant to the Batwa, such as the Prunus africana, known for its medicinal properties.

Indigenous groups are restoring their ancestral forest home, using ITF tree nurseries. — The Batwa show us their tree nursery, brimming with the native Bwindi seedlings they plan to plant in their pocket forest

In addition, more than 200 Batwa community members have been trained in sustainable forest management practices, with 70% of the trainees being women.

This focus on women’s empowerment is crucial, as it ensures that conservation efforts are inclusive and that the benefits are distributed equitably within the community.

We have seen a 15% increase in the survival rate of tree seedlings transplanted from Bwindi into the Kobutsina pocket forest, showcasing the Batwa’s effective stewardship of the land.

Beyond conservation

The “Plant Indigenous Trees, Conserve Bwindi” project is not just about environmental conservation—it is about restoring human dignity and rights. By integrating the Batwa into Bwindi’s conservation efforts, the project addresses both ecological and social justice issues.

The Batwa’s participation in park committees has increased their representation, ensuring that their voices are heard in decisions that affect their lives and the future of Bwindi Forest.